Ships equipped with Morse code radiotelegraphy, or life boat radio sets, Aviation ground stations, broadcast stations were given four letter call signs. Originally, both ships and broadcast stations were assigned call signs in this series consisting of three or four letters. United States merchant vessels are given call signs beginning with the letters "W" or "K" while US naval ships are assigned call signs beginning with "N".
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In the case of states such as Liberia or Panama, which are flags of convenience for ship registration, call signs for larger vessels consist of the national prefix plus three letters (for example, 3LXY, and sometimes followed by a number, i.e. Merchant and naval vessels are assigned call signs by their national licensing authorities. By 1912, the need to quickly identify stations operated by multiple companies in multiple nations required an international standard an ITU prefix would be used to identify a country, and the rest of the call sign an individual station in that country. These were not globally unique, so a one-letter company identifier (for instance, 'M' and two letters as a Marconi station) was later added. This pattern continued in radiotelegraph operation radio companies initially assigned two-letter identifiers to coastal stations and stations on board ships at sea. In order to save time, two-letter identifiers were adopted for this purpose. Because there was only one telegraph line linking all railroad stations, there needed to be a way to address each one when sending a telegram. The use of call signs as unique identifiers dates to the landline railroad telegraph system. A call sign can be formally assigned by a government agency, informally adopted by individuals or organizations, or even cryptographically encoded to disguise a station's identity.
In broadcasting and radio communications, a call sign (also known as a call name or call letters-and historically as a call signal-or abbreviated as a call) is a unique identifier for a transmitter station. JSTOR ( March 2013) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification.
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